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Vol. 45. Issue 166.
Pages 109-125 (April - June 2010)
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Vol. 45. Issue 166.
Pages 109-125 (April - June 2010)
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Sobre la aplicación de estiramientos en el deportista sano y lesionado 
On the application of stretching to healthy and injured sportsmen and women
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Laura Pacheco Arajola,
,b
, Juan José García Tiradob
a Consell Català de l'Esport, Barcelona, Espanya
b Departament de Fisioteràpia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Espanya
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El estiramiento es una técnica que mantiene o mejora la amplitud de movimiento en una articulación o un conjunto de articulaciones. Solicita el tejido muscular y sensitivo gra-cias a una acción de tracción alargamiento. Supone una técnica que se puede aplicar en clínica o desde la perspectiva del entrenamiento en deportistas sanos o lesionados. Su-pone una técnica indicada para el cuidado, la prevención y el mantenimiento de las ca-pacidades de cada individuo o para su desarrollo. No todos los estiramientos se realizan de la misma manera o persiguen el mismo objetivo.Al revisar la literatura, se observa que no hay consenso en la clasificacióno en la manera de aplicar los estiramientos: se ponen en duda los efectos beneficiososdel estiramiento durante el calentamiento, y es necesario el estudio para dar respaldo científicoEl objetivo de la revisión es ubicar el estiramiento, desarrollar la clasificación,exponer cinco modalidades de estiramientos y hacer una propuesta de aplicación: en el calenta-miento, vuelta a la calma y entrenamiento, en el deportista sano y en el deportista que padece lesiones musculares.

Palabras clave:
Estiramiento
Deporte
Lesión muscular
Abstract

Stretching is a technique that maintains or improves the range of movement in a joint or group of joints. It serves the muscle and sensory tissue due to an extended traction action. It is a technique that can be applied in the clinic or from a training perspective in health and injured athletes. The technique is indicated for the care, prevention and maintenance of the abilities of each individual or for their development. Not all stretches are done in the same way or seek the same objective.

Stretching is a technique that maintains or improves the range of movement in a joint or group of joints. It serves the muscle and sensory tissue due to an extended traction action. It is a technique that can be applied in the clinic or from a training perspective in health and injured athletes. The technique is indicated for the care, prevention and maintenance of the abilities of each individual or for their development. Not all stretches are done in the same way or seek the same objective.On reviewing the literature, it is seen that there is no consensus on the classificationor way in which to apply stretches. There is doubt on the beneficialeffects of stretching during warming up. A study needs to be done to provide scientifc support. The aim of the review is to recognise stretching, develop the classification,show fivestretching methods and propose their application: in warming up, cooling down and training, in the healthy athlete and the athlete with muscle injuries.

On reviewing the literature, it is seen that there is no consensus on the classification or way in which to apply stretches. There is doubt on the beneficial effects of stretching during warming up. A study needs to be done to provide scientific support. The aim of the review is to recognise stretching, develop the classification, show five stretching methods and propose their application: in warming up, cooling down and training, in the healthy athlete and the athlete with muscle injuries.

Keywords:
Stretching
Sport
Muscle injury
Apunts Sports Medicine
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